Issue: Vojnosanit Pregl 2022; Vol.79 (No. 9)
Open pelvic fractures – results of a multi-institutional study
Authors:
Marko Mladenović, Predrag Stoiljković, Ivica Lalić, Vladimir Harhaji, Andrija Krstić
Background/Aim. Open pelvic fractures are devastating, rare injuries with high mortality. Leading causes of mortality are the following: hemorrhage, infection, and associated injuries. The aim of this study was to point out methods of treating these injuries and a great number of prognostic mortality fac-tors. Methods. In the period from January 2011 to December 2015, 221 patients with pelvis ring fractures were treated at three large clinical centers in Serbia, of which 13 (5%) patients had an open fracture type. We have classified pelvic ring frac-tures according to the Young-Burgess classification. We have classified injuries according to Gustilo at I, II, and III de-grees, and the location of the wound according to Faringer classification was distributed in zone I, II, and III. Urogenital and intra-abdominal injuries were monitored, and the severity of injuries was determined according to Severity Score Injury (ISS) and Trauma Score (TS). Results. There were 6 (46%) women and 7 (54%) men with an average age of 41 year (13–76). Injuries from traffic trauma were dominant. The most common causes of pelvic ring fracture were antero-posterior compression – 6 (46%), lateral compression – 4 (31%), and vertical force in 3 (23%) patients. Dominant injuries were types I and II according to Gustilo and zone I according to the Faringer classification. There were 6 (46%) patients with urogenital injuries and the same number with intra-abdominal injuries, of which 3 (23%) patients had been treated with co-lon resection and diversion. Due to abundant hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock, two patients died, and another one died after three days due to sepsis and multisystem organ fail-ure. Conclusion. Open pelvic fractures have a high mortality rate due to: hemorrhage, infection, associated abdominal and genitourinary tract injuries, ISS > 25, TS < 8, and the age of patients > 65 years.