Issue: Vojnosanit Pregl 2017; Vol. 74 (No. 3)

Interleukin 1-beta analysis in chronically inflamed and healthy human dental pulp

Authors:
Ljiljana Šubarić, Aleksandar Mitić, Vladimir Matvijenko, Radovan Jovanović, Dušan Živković, Dejan Perić, Zoran Vlahović

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Background/Aim. Proinflammatory cytokines can act like endogenous
pyrogen interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and
tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) which regulate the synthesis
of secondary mediators and other proinflammatory cytokines
through macrophages and mesenchymal cells. They stimulate
acute-phase proteins and attract inflammatory cells. The aim of
this study was to determine interleukin 1-β (IL-1 β) concentrations
in chronically inflamed and healthy dental pulps.
Methods. A total of 41 pulps (19 from patients with pulpitis
chronic causa and 22 from patients with pulpatis chronic aperta), divided
into two groups, were obtained from teeth with chronic
pulp inflammation. The control group consisted of 12 teeth with
healthy pulp. After extirpation, pulp samples were immediately
placed in sterile Eppendorf tubes and frozen. After that, homogenisation
was performed by a Teflon® pestle in ice-cold phosphate
buffer solution at pH 7.4 whose volume was adjusted according
to the weight of tissue. The supernatant was then frozen
at -70°C until the performance of appropriate biochemical analyses.
Cytokine IL-1 β value was determined by a commercial enzyme-
linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA test). We applied the
high sensitivity system technique, which may register low levels
of cytokines, ranging from 0.125 to 8.0 pg/mL for IL-1 β.
Results. By comparing the mean value of IL-1β, in the pulps we
can see a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) among
them. The highest value of IL-1 β was in the subjects with pulpitis
chronica clausa and it was 6.21 ± 2.70 pg/mL. Conclusion.
Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 β is present in detectable
quantities in the pulp tissue of all vital pulps. Its highest concentrations
were found in the sample group with pulpitis chronica
clausa.