Issue: Vojnosanit Pregl 2016; Vol. 73 (No. 12)

Histomorphometric evaluation of bone regeneration using autogenous bone and beta-tricalcium phosphate in diabetic rabbits

Authors:
Milka Živadinović, Miroslav Andrić, Verica Milošević, Milica Manojlović-Stojanoski, Branislav Prokić, Bogomir Prokić, Aleksandar Dimić, Dejan Ćalasan, Božidar Brković

Download full articele PDF

Background/Aim. The mechanism of impaired bone heal-ing in diabetes mellitus includes different tissue and cellular level activities due to micro- and macrovascular changes. As a chronic metabolic disease with vascular complications, diabetes affects a process of bone regeneration as well. The therapeutic approach in bone regeneration is based on the use of osteoinductive autogenous grafts as well as osteo-conductive synthetic material, like a β-tricalcium phosphate. The aim of the study was to determine the quality and quan-tity of new bone formation after the use of autogenous bone and β-tricalcium phosphate in the model of calvarial critical-sized defect in rabbits with induced diabetes mellitus type I. Methods. The study included eight 4-month-old Chincilla rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus type I. In all animals, there were surgically created two calvarial bilateral defects (diameter 12 mm), which were grafted with autogenous bone and β-tricalcium phosphate (n = 4) or served as unfilled controls (n = 4). After 4 weeks of healing, animals were sacrificed and calvarial bone blocks were taken for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Beside de-scriptive histologic evaluation, the percentage of new bone formation, connective tissue and residual graft were calcu-lated. All parameters were statistically evaluated by Fried-man Test and post hock Wilcoxon Singed Ranks Test with a significance of p < 0.05. Results. Histology revealed active new bone formation peripherally with centrally located con-nective tissue, newly formed woven bone and well incorpo-rated residual grafts in all treated defects. Control samples showed no bone bridging of defects. There was a signifi-cantly more new bone in autogeonous graft (53%) com-pared with β-tricalcium phosphate (30%), (p < 0.030) and control (7%), (p < 0.000) groups. A significant difference was also recorded between β-tricalcium phosphate and con-trol groups (p < 0.008). Conclusion. In the present study on the rabbit grafting model with induced diabetes mellitus type I, the effective bone regeneration of critical bone de-fects was obtained using autogenous bone graft.